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IL-10 mimics the effects of educated macrophages. (a) M (2 × 106 cells/well) were pretreated with or without IL-10 (1 ng/mL and 10 ng/mL) for 6 hours and then incubated with LPS (10 ng/mL) for another 24 hours. Culture supernatants were harvested for cytokine assay via Luminex. (b) Percentage of CD68+CD206+ macrophages after IL-10 and LPS treatment was determined via flow cytometry. All data are expressed as mean ± SEM; n = 4 per group. ∗ p < 0.05; ∗∗ p < 0.01; and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001.
