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. 2016 Aug 8;7:12389. doi: 10.1038/ncomms12389

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Copyright © 2016, The Author(s)

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(a) Observed frequency of SMβCKO embryos. The red line indicates the expected frequency. No SMβCKO were found at embryonic stage (E) 13.5 or beyond. (b) Mouse embryos at E 12.5. Arrows indicate enlarged blood vessels. Scale bar, 1 mm (c) Hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections of the PDA and FDA. Arrowheads indicate the vessel wall. Scale bar, 50 μm. (d,e) Quantification of wall thickness of the PDA (n=8 in every group) and FDA (n=4 in every group). ****P<0.0001; *P<0.05. (f) Quantification of the cross-section area of the FDA (n=4 in every group). ***P<0.001. In d–f, data represent the mean ±s.e.m., groups were compared by two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's multiple comparisons test.