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. 2016 Aug 10;6:31335. doi: 10.1038/srep31335

Table 6. Anthropometric landmarks.

No Landmark Definition
1. Glabella (gla) Midline point between eyebrows
2. Soft tissue nasion (N) Deepest concavity point on frontonasion suture
3. Endocanthion right (enR) Right inner commisure point of eye fissure
4. Endocanthion left (enL) Left inner commisure point of eye fissure
5. Exocanthion right (exR) Right outer commisure point of eye fissure
6. Exocanthion left (exL) Left outer commisure point of eye fissure
7. Pronasale (prn) Most prominent midline point on the nose tip
8. Subnasale (sn) Midline junction point between columella and upper lip
9. Alare right (alR) Most lateral point on the alar contour on the right
10. Alare left (alL) Most lateral point on the alar contour on the left
11. Subalare right (sbalR) Right point on the lower margin of nasal alar base where alar disappears into the upper lip skin
12. Subalare left (sbalL) Left point on the lower margin of nasal alar base where alar disappears into the upper lip skin
13. Labralesuperius (ls) Midpoint of upper vermillion line
14. Stomion (sto) Midpoint between upper and lower lip
15. Labraleinferius (li) Midpoint of lower vermillion line
16. Crista philtri right (cphR) Junction between upper lip vermillion and philtral peak on the right
17. Crista philtri left (cphL) Junction between upper lip vermillion and philtral peak on the left
18. Cheilion right (chR) Right labial commisure point
19. Cheilion left (chL) Left labial commisure point
20. Soft tissue B point (b) Deepest concavity on the anterior profile of mandible
21. Soft tissue pogonion (pog) Most anterior midpoint of chin
22. Soft tissue gnathion (gn) Most inferior midpoint of chin
23. Otobasioninferius right (oR) Inferior insertion of the ear on the right
24. Otobasioninferius left (oL) Inferior insertion of the ear on the left