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. 2016 Aug 9;16:141. doi: 10.1186/s12886-016-0309-y

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© Liu et al. 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 4 — Schematic illustration of the mechanism of DNA methylation of CRYAA in nuclear ARC. Under normal condition, only a few CpG sites are methylated, DNA binds to transcription factors, and CRYAA gene transcription is normal. With aging, the CpG sites of the CRYAA promoter become hypermethylated. Transcription factors, especially Sp1, cannot bind to DNA sequences. Therefore, gene transcription and expression are down-regulated. These procedures are reversible via the DNA demethylation agent Zebularine