Hemodynamic measurements and vascular remodeling in 9-month-old HIV-Tg rats in the presence or absence of cocaine. The 9-month-old HIV-Tg rats or WT F334 rats were administered cocaine or saline daily for 21 days, and (A) mPAP and (B) RVSP were measured. Values are mean (±SEM) of n = 5 per group. (C) Heart sections from the respective animals were stained with Masson’s trichrome. Scale bars: 100 μm. (D) Representative images from paraffin-embedded and sectioned lung tissues from each group, stained for VVT, vWF, and α-SMA. Scale bars: 50 μm. Morphometric analysis of the pulmonary vessels from HIV-Tg or WT rats treated or untreated with cocaine (E and F). *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001 versus WT, #P < 0.001versus WT + Coc, $P < 0.001 versus HIV.