Figure 2.

S. aureus challenge reduces the mitochondrial membrane potential in retinal Müller glia. MIO-M1 cells were left uninfected (control) or challenged with S. aureus (SA) RN6390 (multiplicity of infection, 10 : 1) for 8 h. Cells were stained for JC-1 to measure the change in mitochondrial membrane potential and observed under the fluorescence microscope (a). For quantification, flow cytometry was used to measure the relative fluorescence of free JC-1 (green) or aggregates JC-1 (red) in control versus S. aureus-challenged Müller glia (b). Note: the reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential corresponds to increase in green fluorescence and decrease in red fluorescence as shown in bar graphs (c). The results are representative of three independent experiments performed in duplicates. ***P<0.0005, t-test.