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. 2015 Sep 7;1:15021. doi: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2015.21

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Copyright © 2015 Cell Death Differentiation Association

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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ERK and AKT signaling pathways are activated in SCs following 10 min EMF exposure. (a) Representative immunoblots showing the variations in phosphorylated ERK 2 (pERK 2), total ERK 2 (tERK 2), both 42 KDa, phosphorylated AKT (pAKT), total AKT (tAKT), both 60 KDa, in SCs at 2 and 6 h following EMF exposure. The β-actin (43 KDa) was used as a housekeeping protein. (b) Quantitative data at 2 h showed that pERK levels significantly increased (***P<0.001), while tERK levels decreased (*P<0.05); the pERK/tERK ratio showed that ERK signaling was activated 2 h following EMF exposure (***P<0.001, white columns). Indeed, pERK levels significantly decreased at 6 h (***P<0.001), while tERK significantly increased at 6 h (***P<0.001); pERK/tERK ratio indicated that this signaling pathway was deactivated within 6 h following EMF exposure (***P<0.001). Experiments were normalized for β-actin, and expressed as percentage versus controls (CONTR, black columns). The values are means±S.D. (N=3). (c) Quantitative data at 2 h showing that pAKT levels significantly increased (***P<0.001), while tAKT levels were unchanged; the pAKT/tAKT ratio showed an activation trend, even not significant. At 6 h, pAKT levels did not change but tAKT levels were significantly rised (***P<0.001); pAKT/tAKT ratio revealed a significant deactivation within 6 h after EMF exposure (***P<0.001, white columns). Experiments were normalized for β-actin, and expressed as percentage versus controls (CONTR, black columns). The values are means±S.D. (N=3). One-way ANOVA using Tukey's post-test was used for all statistical analysis.