Table 1. Characteristics of subjects with and without ten or more POPs with concentrations in the upper decile.
| ≥10 POPs with concentrations in the upper decile | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Total | Yes | No | ||||
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | p-value | ||||
| Total | 4,739 | (100) | 619 | (13.1) | 4,120 | (86.9) | |
| Gender | <0.001 | ||||||
| Women | 2,467 | (52.1) | 271 | (11.0) | 2,196 | (89.0) | |
| Men | 2,272 | (47.9) | 348 | (15.3) | 1,924 | (84.7) | |
| Age (years) | 49.0 | 70.0 | 45.0 | <0.001a | |||
| Race/ethnicity | <0.001 | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 2,539 | (53.6) | 282 | (11.1) | 2,257 | (88.9) | |
| Mexican American | 951 | (20.1) | 21 | (2.2) | 930 | (97.8) | |
| Non-Hispanic black | 948 | (20.0) | 277 | (29.2) | 671 | (70.8) | |
| Other Hispanic | 140 | (3.0) | 19 | (13.6) | 121 | (86.4) | |
| Other | 161 | (3.4) | 20 | (12.4) | 141 | (87.6) | |
| Educational level | <0.001 | ||||||
| College or above | 2,138 | (45.2) | 243 | (11.4) | 1,895 | (88.6) | |
| High school | 1,193 | (25.2) | 140 | (11.7) | 1,053 | (88.3) | |
| < High school | 1,399 | (29.6) | 232 | (16.6) | 1,167 | (83.4) | |
| Poverty income ratio | 0.036 | ||||||
| >2 | 2,394 | (53.6) | 289 | (12.1) | 2,105 | (87.9) | |
| ≤2 | 2,075 | (46.4) | 295 | (14.2) | 1,780 | (85.8) | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.4 | 26.7 | 27.6 | 0.004a | |||
| Underweight (<18.5) | 70 | (1.5) | 10 | (14.3) | 60 | (85.7) | <0.001b |
| Normal weight (18.5–24.9) | 1,406 | (30.3) | 193 | (13.7) | 1,213 | (86.3) | |
| Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 1,630 | (35.1) | 248 | (15.2) | 1,382 | (84.8) | |
| Obese (≥30) | 1,538 | (33.1) | 154 | (10.0) | 1,384 | (90.0) | |
| Pregnancyc | 0.741 | ||||||
| No | 93 | (5.0) | 12 | (12.9) | 81 | (87.1) | |
| Yes | 1,768 | (95.0) | 208 | (11.8) | 1,560 | (88.2) | |
| No. of pregnancies resulting in live birthsc | 2.00 | 3.00 | 2.00 | <0.001a | |||
| Breastfeedingd,e | 0.450 | ||||||
| No | 78 | (7.4) | 6 | (7.7) | 72 | (92.3) | |
| Yes | 975 | (92.6) | 106 | (10.9) | 869 | (89.1) | |
| No. of children breastfedd,e | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 0.144a | |||
Values for age, body mass index, number of pregnancies resulting in live births and number of children breastfed are median.
Unless otherwise specified, p-Value derived from Fisher’s exact test (two-tail).
a Mann-Whitney’s U test.
b Without participants <18.5 kg/m2 of body mass index.
c Women only.
d Only women with ≥1 pregnancies resulting in live births.
e Breastfed ≥1 month.