Table 1.

Demographic and clinical information.

	PD patients Mean (SD)	Healthy controls Mean (SD)
Male/Female	8/1 (all right-handed)	6/2 (all right-handed)
Age (years)	63.8 (6.8)	63.3 (8.6)
Years of education	14.7 (2.4)	15.9 (2.7)
IQa	110.3 (9.7)	111.9 (10.4)
MMSE	n/a	29.1 (1.4)
DRS-IIb	13.89 (2.26)	n/a
Years of illness	4.0 (1.66)	n/a
Hoehn & Yahr stage	2.0 (0.0)	n/a
UPDRS motor scorec: DBS on/MED on	25.6 (13.6) (range: 3–45)	n/a
UPDRS motor score: DBS off/MED off	38.2 (16.5) (range:12–66)	n/a
Time since surgery/first visit (months)	17.3 (4.4)	n/a

^aNART

^bAge-corrected total scaled scores were calculated (maximum score = 18).

^cThe maximum UPDRS motor score with rigidity scores excluded was 88.

SD = standard deviation, MMSE = Mini-mental State Examination, DSR-II = Dementia Rating scale II.