Figure 1. P-value heatmap of adjusted average difference in brain volumes in late life for a given contrast in measured blood pressure at each study visit.

Each square contains the beta coefficient, in SD units, corresponding to a given exposure-outcome analysis. Squares containing statistically significant associations are shaded in red (if negative) or green (if positive), while squares containing marginally significant associations are shaded in orange (if negative) or light green (if positive). Unshaded squares denote p-values >0.10. All analyses were weighted to account for sampling and adjusted for gender, race-center, education, age, estimated intracranial volume, BMI, diabetes, high cholesterol, smoking status, and gender*estimated intracranial volume. All analyses exclusive of those considering history of hypertension were also adjusted for antihypertensive medication use and analyses of pulse pressure were additionally adjusted for mean arterial pressure.