Table II.
Regressions for having health insurance by schemes
| Urban hukou | Rural hukou | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UEMI | URMI | NCMS | Any others |
Any insurance |
NCMS | Any others |
Any insurance |
|||
| Log(PCE) | 0.063*** (0.012) |
−0.035*** (0.012) |
−0.025*** (0.006) |
0.015 (0.011) |
0.024** (0.011) |
0.005 (0.004) |
0.006 (0.004) |
0.012** (0.005) |
||
| Can read and write | 0.065* (0.036) |
−0.028 (0.030) |
−0.040* (0.024) |
0.028 (0.022) |
0.040 (0.031) |
0.007 (0.008) |
−0.003 (0.005) |
0.004 (0.007) |
||
| Elementary school | 0.092*** (0.024) |
−0.030 (0.027) |
−0.031 (0.021) |
0.051* (0.030) |
0.082** (0.041) |
0.020** (0.009) |
−0.004 (0.005) |
0.015* (0.009) |
||
| Middle school and above | 0.193*** (0.028) |
−0.099** (0.039) |
−0.098*** (0.025) |
0.091** (0.039) |
0.099** (0.042) |
0.008 (0.008) |
0.012 (0.009) |
0.020* (0.010) |
||
| Age 55–64 | 0.036 (0.022) |
−0.018 (0.017) |
−0.034** (0.014) |
0.039*** (0.013) |
0.029* (0.016) |
0.012 (0.007) |
0.004 (0.003) |
0.016** (0.008) |
||
| Age 65–74 | 0.055** (0.026) |
−0.058** (0.026) |
−0.057** (0.023) |
0.122*** (0.038) |
0.062** (0.027) |
0.003 (0.009) |
0.008* (0.005) |
0.012 (0.008) |
||
| Age 75+ | 0.006 (0.040) |
−0.065* (0.034) |
−0.093*** (0.024) |
0.185*** (0.048) |
0.039 (0.027) |
−0.026* (0.013) |
0.024* (0.013) |
−0.001 (0.011) |
||
| Male | 0.076*** (0.017) |
−0.053*** (0.015) |
−0.006 (0.019) |
0.025** (0.012) |
0.005 (0.010) |
−0.016*** (0.005) |
0.010 (0.006) |
−0.006 (0.004) |
||
| Never married/divorced/separated | −0.022 (0.038) |
0.010 (0.028) |
0.002 (0.031) |
−0.012 (0.029) |
−0.037 (0.031) |
−0.027** (0.014) |
0.002 (0.006) |
−0.025* (0.014) |
||
| Widowed | −0.034 (0.023) |
0.047** (0.022) |
−0.010 (0.016) |
−0.028 (0.019) |
−0.036 (0.022) |
−0.038*** (0.012) |
−0.008 (0.005) |
−0.046*** (0.016) |
||
| Constant | −0.310*** (0.114) |
0.609*** (0.141) |
0.468*** (0.073) |
−0.134 (0.130) |
0.574*** (0.130) |
0.874*** (0.038) |
−0.033 (0.042) |
0.840*** (0.049) |
||
| Observations | 3839 | 3839 | 3839 | 3839 | 3839 | 13,306 | 13,306 | 13,306 | ||
| R2 | 0.316 | 0.201 | 0.384 | 0.202 | 0.177 | 0.135 | 0.175 | 0.110 | ||
| p-value of F-test for all age dummies | 0.087 | 0.166 | 0.000 | 0.002 | 0.117 | 0.048 | 0.240 | 0.230 | ||
| p-value of F-test for all education dummies | 0.000 | 0.049 | 0.000 | 0.102 | 0.061 | 0.184 | 0.541 | 0.222 | ||
| p-value of F-test for community fixed effects | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||
Robust standard errors (clustered at the community level) are in parentheses. Reference group for education is illiterate; reference for marriage status is married and living with spouse. Missing values of log(PCE) are imputed by sample mean of log(PCE), and a dummy variable indicating whether log(PCE) is missing is included as control. All regressions control for community fixed effects. Linear probability model, dependent variable: whether having health insurance (=1, Yes; = 0, No).
***
p < 0.01,
**
p < 0.05,
*
p < 0.1.