Table 3.

Association between sleep problems, sleep medication use, and falls in community-dwelling older adults in the US, 2010.

Variables	Unadjusted odds ratios (95% CI)	Adjusted odds ratiosa (95% CI)
Sleep problems
Yes	1.51‡ (1.37–1.65)	1.13∗ (1.01–1.25)
No	Ref.	Ref.
Sleep medication use
Yes	1.43‡ (1.26–1.62)	1.14 (1.00–1.31)
No	Ref.	Ref.
Sleep problems + sleep medication use
No sleep problem + no sleep med useb	Ref.	Ref.
No sleep problem + sleep med usec	1.52‡ (1.31–1.78)	1.24† (1.05–1.47)
Sleep problem + no sleep med used	1.53‡ (1.36–1.73)	1.16∗ (1.02–1.32)
Sleep problem + sleep med usee	1.79‡ (1.54–2.08)	1.19∗ (1.01–1.41)

Note. Data source: 2010 HRS dataset (RAND HRS data file and 2010 HRS core physical health file).

^∗ p value < 0.05, ^†< 0.01, and ^‡< 0.0001.

Ref. = reference.

^aFull model: adjusted for age, sex, education, marital status, race, self-reported health, alcohol, number of comorbidities, limitations in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), limitations in activities of daily living (ADL), limitations in mobility, self-rated eyesight, and incontinence.

^bNo sleep problem + no sleep med use = participants who reported no sleep problems and no use of sleep medications.

^cNo sleep problem + sleep med use = participants who reported no sleep problems but use of sleep medications.

^dSleep problem + no sleep med use = participants who reported sleep problems and no use of sleep medications.

^eSleep problem + sleep med use = participants who reported sleep problems and use of sleep medications.