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. 2016 Aug 11;6:31474. doi: 10.1038/srep31474

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Copyright © 2016, The Author(s)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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The phylogenetic trees were constructed using Mega, version 4.0, using the NJ method based on 712-nt (positions 2611 to 3322 on strain Wallace) and 685-nt (positions 2611 to 3295 on strain Faulkner) partial VP1 sequences of E-7 and CV-B5, respectively. ●, global reference strains. □, Shandong strains previously isolated from AFP cases or sewage. ▲ in B, CV-B5 strains from two aseptic meningitis outbreaks in Shandong in 2005 and 2009, respectively. The rest are sequences from environmental strains in this study.