Table 4. Mean and SDs for each primary (reported to 2 dp) and secondary (reported to 1 dp) outcome measure at baseline and endpoint (16 weeks) for the combined Ganoderma lucidum and placebo groups.
| |
Placebo (n = 30) Mean (± SD) | Combined Intervention (n = 54) Mean (± SD) | Baseline-Adjusted Difference in Means, [95% CI] | F-value | p-value | |
| Primary Outcome Measures | ||||||
| HbA1c (%) | Baseline | 7.40 (1.4) | 7.69 (1.6) | 0.13, [−0.35, 0.60] | F(1, 81) = 0.28 | 0.60 |
| 16 weeks | 7.29 (1.3) | 7.66 (1.9) | ||||
| FPG (mmol/L) | Baseline | 8.36 (2.7) | 8.72 (2.9) | 0.03, [−0.90, 0.96] | F(1, 81) = 0.00 | 0.95 |
| 16 weeks | 8.49 (2.6) | 8.79 (3.2) | ||||
| Secondary Outcome Measures | ||||||
| Arterial pressure (mmHg) | Baseline | 99.6 (11.4) | 100.9 (10.3) | −0.3, [−4.6, 3.9] | F(1, 81) = 0.02 | 0.88 |
| 16 weeks | 98.4 (10.7) | 98.7 (11.4) | ||||
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | Baseline | 2.2 (0.9) | 2.5 (2.8) | −0.1, [−0.3, 0.2] | F(1, 81) = 0.19 | 0.66 |
| 16 weeks | 2.2 (1.0) | 2.6 (2.4) | ||||
| HDL (mmol/L) | Baseline | 1.2 (0.2) | 1.2 (0.5) | 0.0 [−0.1, 0.1] | F(1, 81) = 0.02 | 0.90 |
| 16 weeks | 1.2 (0.2) | 1.2 (0.4) | ||||
| Waist circumference (cm) | Baseline | 113.3 (14.6) | 109.6 (14.6) | 0.7, [−1.5, 2.8] | F(1, 81) = 0.64 | 0.56 |
| 16 weeks | 113.3 (14.6) | 110.5 (14.4) | ||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | Baseline | 34.4 (7.4) | 34.1 (6.8) | 0.0, [−0.5, 0.5] | F(1, 81) = 0.00 | 0.99 |
| 16 weeks | 34.0 (7.3) | 33.9 (6.6) | ||||
| SF-36 physical | Baseline | 45.4 (8.2) | 43.8 (8.8) | 0.9, [−2.2, 4.0] | F(1, 81) = 0.31 | 0.58 |
| 16 weeks | 46.2 (8.5) | 46.1 (8.9) | ||||
| SF-36 mental | Baseline | 45.4 (8.2) | 46.7 (13.5) | 1.5, [−2.1, 5.0] | F(1, 81) = 0.65 | 0.42 |
| 16 weeks | 48.5 (12.7) | 48.5 (11.1) | ||||
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | Baseline | 3.1 (2.9) | 4.8 (6.3) | −0.7, [−2.8, 1.4] | F(1, 74) = 0.41 | 0.53 |
| 16 weeks | 4.1 (6.3) | 3.9 (3.5) | ||||
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | Baseline | 5.2 (1.2) | 4.9 (1.3) | 0.2, [−0.2, 0.5] | F(1, 81) = 0.73 | 0.39 |
| 16 weeks | 5.1 (1.2) | 5.0 (1.5) | ||||
| LDL (mmol/L) | Baseline | 2.9 (1.1) | 2.7 (1.0) | 0.2, [−0.1, 0.5] | F(1, 80) = 1.48 | 0.23 |
| 16 weeks | 2.8 (1.0) | 2.8 (1.2) | ||||
| Apolipoprotein A (g/L) | Baseline | 1.4 (0.3) | 1.4 (0.3) | 0.0, [−0.1, 0.1] | F(1, 72) = 0.01 | 0.90 |
| 16 weeks | 1.4 (0.3) | 1.4 (0.3) | ||||
| Apolipoprotein B (g/L) | Baseline | 0.9 (0.3) | 0.9 (0.2) | 0.0, [−0.1, 0.1] | F(1, 72) = 0.00 | 0.98 |
| 16 weeks | 0.9 (0.3) | 0.9 (0.3) | ||||
Baseline-adjusted difference in means, 95% CI, and F- and p-values are also reported. For C-reactive protein, LDL cholesterol, and apolipoproteins A and B, there were missing data at baseline and LOCF could not be carried out, hence the degrees of freedom differ for these outcomes.