Table 2.

Examples of first generation biomass used in butanol fermentation.

First generation feedstock	Fermentation conditions (T °C and pH)	Clostridium species	Yields		Productivity (g L−1 h−1)	Product distribution	Reference
			g L−1	g g−1
Cassava starch	37 and 5	C.beijerincki tyrobutyricum	6.66	0.18	0.96	Butanol	[34]
Glucose	37 and over 4	C.acetobutylicum CICC 8012			0.13	Butanol	[25]
Cassava flour	37 and pH controlled	C.acetobutylicum DP 217	574.3		0.76	ABE	[35]
Oil palm sap	37 and 6	C.acetobutylicum DSM 1731	14.4	0.35		Butanol	[36]
Maize meal	37 and 6	C. beijerinckii, BA101	26			Acetone and Butanol	[33]