Table 4.
Examples of third generation biomass used in butanol fermentation.
| Fermentation conditions (T °C and pH) | Clostridium species | Yields |
Productivity (g L−1 h−1) | Product distribution | References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| g L−1 | g g−1 | ||||||
| Mixed microalgae | 35 and 6.5 | C. Saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 | 3.74 | Butanol | [65] | ||
| Wastewater algae | 35 and over 6.5 | C. Saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 | 9.74 | 0.311 | 0.102 | ABE | [70] |
| Micro algae biodiesel residues | 37 and 6 | C. acetobutylicum ATCC 824 | 0.13 | Butanol | [66] | ||
| Green seaweed (Ulva lactuca) | 37 and 6.0–6.4 | C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 | 0.35 | ABE | [67] | ||
| Macroalgae | 37 and 6 | C. beijerinckii ATCC 35702 | 4 | Butanol | [69] | ||