Table 1. Demographic characteristics.
| Variable | T2DM group (N = 2000) | Control group (N = 14413) | χ2/t | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 59.13 ± 8.73 | 53.95 ± 11.50 | 286.52 | <0.001 |
| Men, n (%) | 702 (35.10) | 5273 (36.59) | 1.67 | 0.196 |
| Marital status, n (%) | 4.42 | 0.036 | ||
| Married/cohabiting | 1780 (89.40) | 13048 (90.86) | ||
| Widowed/single/divorced/separation | 211 (10.60) | 1312 (9.14) | ||
| Education, n (%) | 100.64 | <0.001 | ||
| ≤Primary school | 1110 (55.53) | 6280 (43.61) | ||
| ≥Junior school | 889 (44.47) | 8119 (56.39) | ||
| Smoking, n (%) | 16.65 | 0.001 | ||
| Never | 1541 (79.84) | 10653 (76.46) | ||
| Light | 58 (3.01) | 605 (4.34) | ||
| Moderate | 58 (3.01) | 587 (4.21) | ||
| Heavy | 273 (14.15) | 2087 (14.98) | ||
| Drinking, n (%) | 18.58 | <0.001 | ||
| Never | 1715 (85.75) | 11994 (83.22) | ||
| Low risk | 170 (8.50) | 1670 (11.59) | ||
| Medium risk | 57 (2.85) | 412 (2.86) | ||
| High risk | 58 (2.90) | 337 (2.34) | ||
| More vegetable and fruit intake, n (%) | 358 (17.92) | 3203 (22.22) | 19.15 | <0.001 |
| High fat diet, n (%) | 262 (13.10) | 2248 (15.60) | 8.45 | 0.004 |
| Physical activity, n (%) | 155.84 | <0.001 | ||
| Low | 998 (49.90) | 5276 (36.61) | ||
| Moderate | 370 (18.50) | 2622 (18.19) | ||
| High | 632 (31.60) | 6514 (45.20) | ||
| Family history, n (%) | 265 (13.25) | 1018 (7.06) | 93.30 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 26.39 ± 3.73 | 25.07 ± 3.55 | 4.49 | 0.034 |