TABLE 5.
Univariate and multivariate regression models of factors predicting adverse pathologic outcomes‡ in prostate cancer patients following radical prostatectomy at University of Pennsylvania, 1990–2012.
| Univariate analysis of factors predicting seminal vesicle invasion | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | HR | 95% CI | p value |
| Age | 1.06 | 1.02 to 1.10 | 0.003 |
| African-American Race | 2.34 | 1.37 to 3.99 | 0.002 |
| Serum PSA | 1.13 | 1.09 to 1.16 | <0.001 |
| Clinical stage | 1.6 | 1.14 to 2.27 | 0.007 |
| Clinical gleason score ≤ or > 6 | 9.1 | 5.21 to 16 | <0.001 |
| Year of prostatectomy | 1.02 | 0.97 to 1.07 | 0.51 |
| Body mass index, continuous | 1.06 | 1.00 to 1.12 | 0.07 |
|
| |||
|
Multivariate forward stepwise model of factors predicting seminal vesicle invasion
| |||
| Variables | HR | 95% CI | p value |
|
| |||
| Age | 1.06 | 1.01 to 1.12 | 0.02 |
| Serum PSA | 1.12 | 1.07 to 1.17 | <0.001 |
| Clinical stage | 1.86 | 0.91 to 3.80 | 0.089 |
| Clinical gleason score ≤ or > 6 | 5.18 | 2.67 to 10.1 | <0.001 |
| Year of prostatectomy | 1.07 | 1.01 to 1.16 | 0.055 |
| African-American Race | 2.00 | 1.01 to 3.94 | 0.046 |
|
| |||
|
Multivariate forward stepwise model of factors predicting extraprostatic extension
| |||
| Variables | HR | 95% CI | p value |
|
| |||
| Serum PSA | 1.12 | 1.08 to 1.16 | <0.001 |
| Clinical stage | 1.69 | 1.08 to 2.64 | 0.02 |
| Clinical gleason score ≤ or > 6 | 2.54 | 1.62 to 3.98 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index, continuous | 2.81 | 1.02 to 1.10 | 0.005 |
|
| |||
|
Multivariate forward stepwise model of factors predicting positive surgical margin
| |||
| Variables | HR | 95% CI | p value |
|
| |||
| Serum PSA | 1.08 | 1.04 to 1.11 | <0.001 |
| Clinical gleason score ≤ or > 6 | 1.67 | 1.02 to 2.73 | 0.04 |
| Year of prostatectomy | 1.05 | 1.01 to 1.09 | 0.024 |
| Body mass index, continuous | 1.05 | 1.00 to 1.09 | 0.025 |
|
| |||
|
Multivariate forward stepwise model of factors predicting Lymph node involvement
| |||
| Variables | HR | 95% CI | p value |
|
| |||
| Age | 0.89 | 0.78 to 1.03 | 0.13 |
| Serum PSA | 1.2 | 1.07 to 1.34 | 0.003 |
| Clinical gleason score ≤ or > 6 | 7.22 | 0.92 to 56.58 | 0.06 |
| Year of prostatectomy | 3.31 | 1.34 to 8.17 | 0.01 |
NOTE. Boldfaced values represent statistically significant differences between groups.
Abbreviations: PSA- Prostate-specific antigen, CI- confidence intervals,
Adverse pathologic features: seminal vesicle invasion, extraprostatic extension, positive surgical margin, and/or lymph node involvement. P values were derived from a forward-stepwise logistic regression model. Predictors of adverse pathologic features were examined using logistic regression models. Age, PSA, and year of surgery were examined as continuous variables. T-stage (T1a–c vs. T2), clinical Gleason score, and race were examined as categorical variables.