Table 1.
Lifestyle and dietary characteristics (means) of study participants at time of entry* to study according to quintiles of dietary patterns.
| Prudent pattern | Western pattern | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q3 | Q5 | Q1 | Q3 | Q5 | |
| WOMEN | ||||||
| Age at entry to study | 53 | 53 | 54 | 54 | 53 | 52 |
| Menopausal hormone use (%) | 34 | 29 | 29 | 32 | 30 | 30 |
| Energy (kcal/d) | 1534 | 1587 | 1908 | 1389 | 1571 | 2140 |
| BMI | 25.5 | 25.2 | 25.5 | 24.8 | 25.3 | 26.0 |
| Physical activity (METs/wk) | 11 | 16 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 13 |
| Current smoker (%) | 31 | 23 | 17 | 18 | 24 | 28 |
| Thiazide use (%) | 6 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 |
| Lasix (%) | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
| Anti-inflammatory steroids (%) | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Multivitamin supplement (%) | 35 | 38 | 45 | 46 | 38 | 34 |
| Calcium supplement (%) | 38 | 42 | 50 | 51 | 41 | 35 |
| Alcohol (g/d) | 7 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 6 |
| Calcium (mg/d)** | 860 | 852 | 977 | 1099 | 850 | 735 |
| Fruits (servings/d) | 0.9 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 1.3 |
| Vegetables (servings/d) | 1.4 | 1.9 | 4.3 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 2.4 |
| Red/processed meats (servings/d) | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 1.5 |
| Poultry (servings/d) | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| Whole grains (servings/d) | 0.6 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 0.8 |
| Refined grains (servings/d) | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 2.3 |
| Sugar sweetened beverages (servings/d) | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.7 |
| Low fat dairy (servings/d) | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.7 |
| Full fat dairy (servings/d) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.4 |
| MEN | ||||||
| Age at entry | 56 | 57 | 58 | 58 | 57 | 56 |
| Energy (kcal/d) | 1653 | 1964 | 2419 | 1508 | 1868 | 2634 |
| BMI | 25.9 | 25.6 | 25.4 | 25.0 | 25.7 | 26.1 |
| Physical activity (METs/wk) | 19 | 24 | 31 | 28 | 23 | 22 |
| Current smoker (%) | 12 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 13 |
| Thiazide use (%) | 7 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 7 |
| Lasix (%) | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
| Anti-inflammatory steroids (%) | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.6 |
| Multivitamin supplement (%) | 39 | 43 | 49 | 49 | 45 | 38 |
| Calcium supplement (%) | 12 | 17 | 23 | 22 | 17 | 13 |
| Alcohol (g/d) | 12 | 11 | 12 | 7 | 12 | 15 |
| Calcium (mg/d)** | 856 | 924 | 968 | 1066 | 903 | 809 |
| Fruits (servings/d) | 1.1 | 2.0 | 3.5 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 1.8 |
| Vegetables (servings/d) | 1.3 | 2.6 | 5.3 | 3.1 | 2.8 | 2.9 |
| Red/processed meats (servings/d) | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 2.0 |
| Refined grains (servings/d) | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.5 |
| Poultry (servings/d) | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| Whole grains (servings/d) | 0.8 | 1.5 | 2.3 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 1.5 |
| Sugar sweetened beverages (servings/d) | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.6 |
| Low fat dairy (servings/d) | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
| Full fat dairy (servings/d) | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 1.6 |
*
menopause for women, age 50 for men
**
energy adjusted