Table 4.

Clinicopathologic characteristics according to clinical outcomes in patients with no evidence of DMs at presentation

	Row total	No recurrence (NED)	Distant recurrence		Pa
			AWD	DOD
n	267	262 (98.1%)	4 (1.5%)	1 (0.4%)
Sex					.032 b
Male	83	79 (95.2%)	3 (3.6%)	1 (1.2%)
Female	184	183 (99.5%)	1 (0.5%)	0
Age		45.0 ± 0.8	51.3 ± 6.2	61.0	.208
Pathologic diagnosis					<.001b
Papillary carcinoma	217	217 (100%)	0	0
Follicular carcinoma	18	18 (100%)	0	0
Hurthle cell carcinoma	32	27 (84.4%)	4 (12.5%)	1 (3.1%)
Size		2.5 ± 0.1	4.5 ± 0.7	5.0	.111
Mitotic index (/10 HPFs)
0	235	231 (98.3%)	3 (1.3%)	1 (0.4%)
1–4	32	31 (96.9%)	1 (3.1%)	0
VI					<.001 b
No	220	220 (100%)	0	0
Focal	28	28 (100%)	0	0
Extensive	19	14 (73.7%)	4 (21.1%)	1 (5.3%)
Capsular invasion					.449
No	159	157 (98.7%)	1 (0.6%)	1 (0.6%)
Focal	87	84 (96.6%)	3 (3.4%)	0
Extensive	21	21 (100%)	0	0
Surgical margin status					.988
NA	1	1 (100%)	0	0
Negative	264	259 (98.1%)	4 (1.5%)	1 (0.4%)
Positive	2	2 (100%)	0	0
Extrathyroidal extension					.962
None	261	256 (98.1%)	4 (1.5%)	1 (0.4%)
Focal	4	4 (100%)	0	0
Extensive	2	2 (100%)	0	0
Lymph node status					.395
N0	80	77 (96.3%)	3 (3.8%)	0
N1	20	20 (100%)	0	0
NA	167	165 (98.8%)	1 (0.6%)	1 (0.6%)
Extranodal extension					.857
No	16	16 (100%)	0	0
Yes	1	1 (100%)	0	0
NA	250	245 (98.0%)	4 (1.6%)	1 (0.4%)
RAI					.433
Yes	72	70 (97.2%)	2 (2.8%)	0
No	192	190 (99.0%)	1 (0.5%)	1 (0.5%)
NA	3	2 (66.7%)	1 (33.3%)	0

Abbreviations: DM, distant metastases; NED, no evidence of disease; AWD, alive with disease; DOD, died of disease; HCC, Hurthle cell carcinoma; HPF, high-power fields; VI, vascular invasion; NA, not available; RAI, radioactive iodine; RFS, recurrence-free survival.

^aP value was obtained using log-rank test comparing RFS between patient with and without distant recurrence.

^bThe P values are significant.