Table 2. Characteristics of the 18 studies included in the analysis.

First author, Year	Immue state	ALT, IU/L a	HBV-DNA a, b	Blood, n		Liver, n
		HBV	HBV	HBV	HC	HBV	HC
Bonorino, 2009	NA	42.7 ± 27.8	45 ± 1.9 c	19	18	6	0
Conroy, 2014	NA	33.8 (8–143) d	2.92 (0.85–8.65) d	66	62	0	0
Gu, 2009	IA	403.72 ± 258.06	5.85 ± 1.08	100	30	0	0
Li, 2012	NA	81 e	5.27 (3–8.48) d	73	35	0	0
Li, 2014	IT	22.22 ± 27.58	7.58 ± 0.81	15	18	0	0
	IA	199.85 ± 1250	6.62 ± 1.17	42	18	0	0
Li, 2015	IT	<50	7.0 ± 1.8	24	20	0	0
	IA	198.8 ± 113.4	6.2 ± 1.9	40	20	0	0
	IN	<50	<3	22	20	0	0
Lunemann, 2014	NA	30 (14–166) d	3.47 (2.53–7.52) c,d	17	30	0	0
Lv, 2012	IA	124.5±211.4	7.6 ± 3.2 c	24	12	0	0
Oliviero, 2009	NA	50.5 (13–291) d	5.17 (2.23–8.14) c,d	22	30	0	0
Peppa, 2010	NA	69.3 ± 99.4	4.4 ± 2.2 c	64	31	8	0
Sprengers, 2006	NA	153.85 ± 189.84	5.67 ± 1.66	47	0	47	0
Sun, 2012	NA	98 ± 117	>3.30 c	154	95	0	0
Tjwa, 2011	NA	60 ± 82.22	6.5 ± 1.9	40	25	0	0
	IA	75 ± 13	7.7 ± 2.3	15	25	0	0
Tjwa, 2014	NA	85.05 ± 64.86	6.0 ± 2.2 c	56	0	56	0
Yan, 2006	NA	369.26 ± 238.87	NA	54	14	0	0
Zhang, 2011	IT	23 (12–26) d	8.43 (7.15–8.81) c,d	27	26	15	12
	IA	196 (41–1298) d	8.29 (4.40–9.29) c,d	51	26	29	12
Zhao J, 2012	IA	242 (42–1298) d	7.2 (2.7–8.6) c,d	19	16	0	0
Zhao P, 2012	NA	165 (12–914) d	4.3 (1.86–9.3) d	18	14	0	0
Zheng, 2015	IT	28 (14–46) d	5.32 (3.00–7.88) d	36	10	0	0
	IA	149 (52–1733) d	5.61 (4.10–8.58) c,d	34	10	24	0

^a Median ± SD, unless noted otherwise;

^b log₁₀ copies/mL, unless noted otherwise;

^c log₁₀ IU/mL;

^d median (range);

^e median

Abbreviations: ALT, alanine transaminase; IA, Immune active; IN, Immune inactive; IT, Immune tolerant; NA, not available