(A) Phosphorypation of AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK) and (B) short/branched chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (ACADSB) in skeletal muscle of heat-stressed (HS) and or pair fed (PF) cows. Muscle samples for Western Blot were obtained after ad libitum feeding in P1 at thermoneutral conditions (P1 (TN-AL), black) and after 6 days (P2) of HS (red) or PF (blue) cows in the ante partum (ap) and post partum (pp) period, respectively. pAMPK was normalized to AMPK, whereas ACADSB was normalized to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). Data are from HSap n = 6, PFap n = 5, HSpp n = 6, PFpp n = 5 RNA samples. ** P<0.01, * P<0.05, † 0.05< P< 0.07.