. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Nov 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Pers Soc Psychol. 2016 Feb 11;111(5):780–789. doi: 10.1037/pspp0000089

Table 4.

Regression analyses investigating the predictors of GCSE achievement from personality measures. The first panel is a multiple regression for the two Grit subscales. In the hierarchical multiple regression in the second panel, variables were entered in the regression model in the following order: (Step 1) Big-5 personality scales; (Step 2) Big-5 personality scales and Grit. β= standardized beta value; R²= variance explained.

Criterion: GCSE results	F	R²	β
Multiple regression	F(2,1975)=23.28^**	0.02
Consistency of Interest			−0.004
Perseverance of Effort			.15^**
Hierarchical regression

Step 1	F(5, 1912)=22.15^**	0.055

Neuroticism			0.08^*
Extraversion			0.01
Openness			0.07^*
Agreeableness			−0.05^*
Conscientiousness			0.23^**

Step 2	F(7,1912)=17.34^**	0.06

	F Change (2,1905)=5.09^**	R² change=.005
Neuroticism			0.09^**
Extraversion			0.01
Openness			0.07^*
Agreeableness			−0.05^*
Conscientiousness			0.19^**
Consistency of Interest			−0.02
Perseverance of Effort			0.09^**

p<.05;

^**

p<.01