. 2016 Aug 11;16:280. doi: 10.1186/s12906-016-1260-4

Table 2.

Changes in the levels of various enzymatic and biochemical parameters of the serum samples of seven experimental groups. Data represented as mean ± SD of six observations

	Control	CCl₄	Silymarin	NOSE low	NOSE high	NORE low	NORE high
ACP (K.A.)	3.61 ± 0.31	10.94 ± 1.04***	5.76 ± 0.43** ^b	10.01 ± 0.61*** ^d	8.75 ± 0.44*** ^c	9.64 ± 0.31*** ^d	8.55 ± 0.32*** ^c
ALP (K.A.)	10.86 ± 1.29	28.44 ± 1.25***	12.93 ± 0.80^{NS a}	24.92 ± 2.27*** ^d	22.21 ± 2.45** ^a	24.56 ± 0.95*** ^c	22.10 ± 1.45*** ^b
AST (U/ml)	65.88 ± 3.74	137.28 ± 2.95***	74.01 ± 0.16^{NS a}	121.27 ± 2.89*** ^a	99.19 ± 5.48*** ^b	117.93 ± 6.30*** ^b	110.25 ± 5.00*** ^b
ALT (U/ml)	42.63 ± 1.4	126.26 ± 4.88***	53.81 ± 3.15** ^a	109.27 ± 4.21*** ^c	81.27 ± 7.66** ^d	119.23 ± 6.40*** ^d	95.94 ± 10.39*** ^c
GGT (U/l)	2.51 ± 0.36	6.06 ± 0.23***	3.35 ± 0.12* ^a	5.48 ± 0.33*** ^d	4.9 ± 0.36** ^c	5.5 ± 0.25*** ^c	4.48 ± 0.24** ^b
Glucose (mg/dl)	53.53 ± 1.28	80.38 ± 1.55***	55.23 ± 3.48^{NS a}	76.40 ± 4.71** ^d	63.39 ± 1.42*** ^a	74.96 ± 2.95*** ^c	65.86 ± 3.43** ^b
Protein (g/dl)	4.77 ± 0.29	3.10 ± 0.23**	4.94 ± 0.05^{NS a}	3.29 ± 0.21** ^d	4.19 ± 0.24^{NS b}	3.62 ± 0.13** ^c	3.88 ± 0.07** ^b
Albumin (g/dl)	3.18 ± 0.07	1.42 ± 0.13***	2.86 ± 0.17* ^a	1.53 ± 0.27*** ^d	1.96 ± 0.22*** ^a	1.55 ± 0.09*** ^NS	1.71 ± 0.26*** ^NS
Globulin (g/dl)	1.59 ± 0.30	1.68 ± 0.12^NS	2.11 ± 0.17^{NS c}	1.76 ± 0.28^{NS d}	2.23 ± 0.03* ^b	2.06 ± 0.12^{NS c}	2.17 ± 0.20^{NS c}
Bilirubin (mg/dl)	0.41 ± 0.03	1.15 ± 0.04***	0.51 ± 0.02* ^a	1.01 ± 0.03*** ^b	0.91 ± 0.06*** ^b	1.11 ± 0.07*** ^d	1.01 ± 0.02*** ^b
Urea (mg/dl)	20.58 ± 2.39	111.84 ± 3.54***	35.25 ± 6.78* ^a	106.83 ± 3.23*** ^d	75.67 ± 5.59*** ^a	89.96 ± 3.77*** ^b	67.71 ± 7.43*** ^a
LDH (U/l)	219.16 ± 7.19	526.97 ± 7.97***	288.44 ± 10.99*** ^a	511.31 ± 6.73*** ^d	433.8 ± 17.47*** ^b	495.13 ± 12.21*** ^c	472.24 ± 12.07*** ^b
Cholesterol (mg/dl)	78.86 ± 3.49	134.52 ± 0.78***	105.62 ± 3.36*** ^a	122.00 ± 5.39*** ^a	114.62 ± 5.39*** ^b	124.96 ± 5.38 *** ^d	113.48 ± 6.80** ^b

^NSp = non-significant (p > 0.05), *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001 vs control

^dp = non-significant (p > 0.05), ^c p < 0.05, ^b p < 0.01 and ^a p < 0.001 vs CCl₄ group