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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Aug 10.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Host Microbe. 2016 Jul 28;20(2):202–214. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2016.07.001

Figure 2. SCFAs Increase Intestinal Antibody Responses.

Figure 2

(A) C3 increased the frequencies of IgA+ PCs in intestinal LP of regular chow-fed mice. (B) C3 alone (80mM) or a SCFA mixture (C2: 70mM; C3: 30mM; and C4: 20mM) increased IgA-secreting intestinal LP cells (ASCs) in LFD-fed mice. ASCs were identified with an ELISPOT assay. (C) C3 increased numbers of IgA+ GC B cells in PP. (D) C3 increased numbers of Tfh cells (CD4+CXCR5+PD-1+) in PP and MLN. (E) C3 or HFD treatment promoted AID expression and Ig clsass switch in PP. AID expression in PP was examined by immunohistochemistry. Expressions of Aicda and αCT mRNA in cells of indicated organs were examined by qRT-PCR. (F) C3 or SCFA feeding increased the frequency of IgA-coated fecal bacteria in the colon of LFD mice. The average frequency of isotype antibody-coated bacteria in SCFA-fed mice was ~2%. Mice were fed with indicated diet or water for 5–6 weeks. The data were from 2-3 experiments (n=6–13). Error bars indicate SEM. *Significant differences from control or LFD groups. See also Figures S2A–F.