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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Aug 10.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Host Microbe. 2016 Jul 28;20(2):202–214. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2016.07.001

Figure 6. SCFAs Increase Ig Production by Human B cells.

Figure 6

(A) SCFAs increased the numbers of CD20−CD38+ human plasma B cells. (B) SCFAs increased IgA and IgG production. (C) SCFAs induced the expression of the human Aicda gene. (D) SCFAs increased the cellular ATP/ADP ratio. (E) SCFAs suppressed AMPK and enhanced mTOR activation in B cells. (F) SCFAs increased lipid content in B cells. B cells were cultured for 3 (C–F) or 6-7 (A, B) days with anti-CD40 and the cytokines described in the supplemental information. Tonsil naïve (A, F) or total (B–E) B cells were used. The data were from 3-6 in vitro experiments and combined data with SEM (n=3-6) are shown. *Significant differences (P < 0.05) from control groups.