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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Aug 10.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Host Microbe. 2016 Jul 21;20(2):226–237. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2016.06.010

Figure 2. Cell surface sulfation promotes T3SS1 cytotoxicity.

Figure 2

(A) Overview of sulfated proteoglycan synthesis, highlighting mutations conferring resistance to T3SS1 cytotoxicity. (B) Flow cytometry profiles of HT-29 and mutant cells bound to a heparan sulfate specific antibody (10E4-FITC); GMFI, geometric mean fluorescence intensity. (C) Survival of HT-29 cells treated with the sulfation inhibitor sodium chlorate prior to T3SS1 and T3SS2 infection. (D) T3SS1 killing and sulfation of SLC35B2 mutant cells expressing an sgRNA resistant SLC35B2 cDNA. Data are mean with SEM (n=3). P values (*** < 0.0001) are based on one-way ANOVA with Dunnet post test correction.