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. 2016 Aug 12;15:86. doi: 10.1186/s12940-016-0168-2

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© The Author(s). 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 3 — Bivariate thin-plate smoothing spline of longevity measures relative to median income and PM_2.5. Panels a and b present the relationship between exceptional aging relative to median income and PM_2.5 for the unadjusted and fully adjusted models, respectively. Panels c and d present the relationship between life expectancy relative to median income and PM_2.5 for the unadjusted and fully adjusted models, respectively. Unadjusted models exclude controls for smoking and obesity, while full models include these controls