TABLE 4.
Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) for Maternal and Cord Blood Folate Receptor (FR) Autoantibodies Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and Immunoglobulin M (IgM) Levels in Relation to Neural Tube Defects (NTDs), Shanxi Province, China, 2011 to 2013 (N = 360a)
| Autoantibody | Control N = 218 n |
Total NTDs N = 109 |
Spina bifida N = 54 |
Anencephaly N = 43 |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | OR (95% CI) |
aORb (95% CI) |
n | OR (95% CI) |
aORb (95% CI) |
n | OR (95% CI) |
aORb (95% CI) |
||
| Maternal IgG | ||||||||||
| Tertile 1 (<0.39) | 73 | 9 | Reference | Reference | 3 | Reference | Reference | 6 | Reference | Reference |
| Tertile 2 (0.39–1.07) | 73 | 28 | 3.11 (1.37–7.05) | 2.20 (0.71–6.80) | 14 | 4.67 (1.29–16.92) | 3.37 (0.78–14.63) | 10 | 1.67 (0.58–4.82) | 0.89 (0.20–3.97) |
| Tertile 3 (>1.07) | 72 | 72 | 8.11 (3.77–17.44) | 5.53 (1.90–16.08) | 37 | 12.50 (3.69–42.39) | 8.70 (2.16–35.01) | 27 | 4.56 (1.78–11.71) | 2.28 (0.59–8.79) |
| P for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.030 | ||||
| Maternal IgM | ||||||||||
| Tertile 1 (<1.47) | 73 | 15 | Reference | Reference | 9 | Reference | Reference | 6 | Reference | Reference |
| Tertile 2 (1.47–2.79) | 73 | 23 | 1.53 (0.74–3.17) | 0.98 (0.35–2.75) | 14 | 1.56 (0.63–3.82) | 1.09 (0.35–3.35) | 6 | 1.00 (0.31–3.24) | 0.44 (0.09–2.10) |
| Tertile 3 (>2.79) | 72 | 71 | 4.80 (2.52–9.15) | 3.49 (1.45–8.39) | 31 | 3.49 (1.55–7.85) | 2.96 (1.11–7.86) | 31 | 5.24 (2.06–13.31) | 3.22 (0.95–10.98) |
| P for trend | <0.001 | 0.002 | <0.001 | 0.019 | <0.001 | 0.024 | ||||
| Cord blood IgG | 48 | 24 | 1.11 (0.89–1.38) | 1.17 (0.90–1.50) | – | – | – | – | ||
| Cord blood IgM | 48 | 24 | 1.32 (0.68–2.55) | 1.53 (0.77–3.03) | – | – | – | – | ||
a
Maternal blood samples were collected from 327 participants; cord blood samples were collected from 72 participants.
b
Adjusted for age, parity, periconceptual folate supplementation, and gestational age.
aOR, adjusted odds ratio.