Table 1.
Impaired recognition of facial emotion expressions in PD patients.
| Author (year) | Patient sample size | Cognitive performance | Mean severity of PD | Impaired emotions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H&Y | UPDRS-III | ||||
| Assogna et al. (2010) [30] | 70 | MMSE: 27.9 | 20.1 | Disgust | |
|
| |||||
| Baggio et al. (2012) [8] | 39 | MMSE: 28.7 | 16.5 | Sadness, anger, disgust | |
|
| |||||
| Clark et al. (2008) [7] | 20 | DRS-2: 142.6 MMSE: 28.7 |
2-3 (range) | Anger, surprise | |
|
| |||||
| Dujardin et al. (2004) [25] | 18 | MMSE: >27 | 17.58 | Sadness, surprise | |
|
| |||||
| Hipp et al. (2014) [28] | 28 | MMSE: 28.8 CDR: 0 FAB: 15.46 |
8.39 | Sadness | |
|
| |||||
| Ibarretxe-Bilbao et al. (2009) [29] | 24 | MMSE: 29.8 | 1.73 | 14.67 | Sadness, fear, anger, disgust, surprise |
|
| |||||
| Kan et al. (2002) [26] | 16 | MMSE: 26.9 | 2-3 (range) | Fear, disgust | |
|
| |||||
| Lawrence et al. (2007) [22] | 17 | Nart-IQ: 117.5 | 22.7 | Anger | |
|
| |||||
| Narme et al. (2011) [9] | 10 | MMSE: 28.5 DRS-2: 139.9 FAB: 15.4 BJLOT: 24.3 VOSP: 9.5 |
2.1 | Anger, fear | |
|
| |||||
| Sprengelmeyer et al. (2003) [21] | 16 (unmedicated) | IQ: 100 | 1.7 | 14.6 | Fear, sadness, disgust, anger |
| 20 (medicated) | IQ: 103.2 | 2.6 | 30 | ||
|
| |||||
| Suzuki et al. (2006) [27] | 14 | MMSE: 28.6 | 1.6 | Disgust | |
|
| |||||
| Present study | 29 PD | MMSE: 27.6 | 2.8 | 26.8 | See results |
| 14 LMDPD | MMSE: 28.1 | 2.3 | 24.0 | ||
| 15 HMD PD | MMSE: 27.2 | 3.4 | 48.7 | ||
H&Y: Hoehn and Yahr's stage (range from I to V) [19]; UPDRS-III: motor section of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale [20]; LMD: PD patients with low motor dysfunction; HMD: PD patients with high motor dysfunction; MMSE: Mini Mental State Examination [44]; DRS-2: dementia rating scale-2 (/144) [45]; CDR: clinical dementia rating scale [46]; FAB: frontal assessment battery (/18) [47]; BJLOT: Benton's judgment of line orientation test (/30) [48]; VOSP: visual object and space perception battery [49]; Nart-IQ: IQ estimated using national adult reading test-revised version [50].