Table 3.
Characteristics of ischemic stroke (IS) patients with or without hemorrhagic conversion in CF-LVAD patients
| Without Hemorrhagic Conversion (n=20) | With Hemorrhagic Conversion (n=12) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pre LVAD history | |||
| Age (years) | 58.4 ± 13.9 | 50.1 ± 14.5 | 0.118 |
| Women | 3 (15.0%) | 2 (16.7%) | 0.999 |
| Body surface area (m2) | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 2.2 ± 0.4 | 0.010 |
| Ischemic | 10 (50.0%) | 7 (53.8%) | 0.647 |
| Hypertension | 11 (55.0%) | 5 (41.7%) | 0.465 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 10 (50.0%) | 4 (33.3%) | 0.471 |
| Diabetes | 11 (55.0%) | 6 (50.0%) | 0.999 |
| Smoking history | 5 (25.0%) | 6 (50.0%) | 0.149 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.48 ± 0.65 | 1.43 ± 0.83 | 0.869 |
| Previous stroke | 2 (10.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.516 |
| Previous TIA/stroke | 2 (10.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.516 |
| Device Type | |||
| HeartMate II | 16 (80.0%) | 10 (83.3%) | 0.815 |
| HVAD | 4 (20.0%) | 2 (16.7%) | |
| Device Strategy | |||
| BTT | 9 (45.0%) | 11 (91.7%) | 0.011 |
| DT | 11 (55.0%) | 1 (8.3%) | |
| Post LVAD history | |||
| GI Bleeding | 5 (25.0%) | 4 (33.3%) | 0.696 |
| Device-related infection | 3 (15.0%) | 3 (25.0%) | 0.647 |
| Sepsis | 4 (20.0%) | 5 (41.2%) | 0.240 |
| Pump exchange for thrombosis | 3 (15.0%) | 2 (16.7%) | 0.999 |
| At the time of stroke | |||
| Duration of support | 289.8 ± 363.2 | 140.7 ± 177.9 | 0.132 |
| INR (for patients on warfarin) | 2.2 ± 0.5 | 2.3 ± 0.9 | 0.693 |
| PTT (for patients on heparin) | 68.0 ± 20.6 | 67.7 ± 28.8 | 0.988 |
| NIHSS | 7.2 ± 9.3 | 13.6 ± 8.6 | 0.063 |
| Outcomes post stroke | |||
| Survival to Discharge | 16 (80.0%) | 7 (58.3%) | 0.240 |
Values are n (%).
IS = Ischemic Stroke; CF-LVAD = Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device; TIA = Transient Ischemic Attack; HVAD = Heartware Left Ventricular Assist Device; BTT = Bridge to Transplant; DT = Destination Therapy; GI = Gastrointestinal; INR = International Normalized Ratio; PTT = Partial Thromboplastin Time; NIHSS = National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale.