Table 1.

(+) RNA viruses and their replication compartments

Family	Bromoviridae	Flaviviridae	Flaviviridae	Nodaviridae	Togaviridae	Togaviridae	Tombusviridae
Genus	Bromovirus	Flavivirus	Flavivirus	Alphanodavirus	Alphavirus	Rubivirus	Tombusvirus
Species	BMV	DENV	WNV	FHV	SFV	RUBV	TBSV
Replication compartment	Invaginations	Invaginations	Invaginations	Invaginations	Invaginations	Invaginations	Invaginations
Membrane source	ER	ER	ER	Mitochondria	PM/Endosomes	Endosomes/Lysosomes	Perixosomes
Viral proteins	1a [32]	NS4A, NS4B [65, 66, 67]	NS4A, NS4B [68, 69]	Protein A [70]	P123 [71]	P150, P90 [72]	p33 [73]
Host Pathways	RTN, ESCRT, LS	LS	LS	LS	LS	LS	ESCRT, LS

Family	Arteriviridae	Coronaviridae	Dicistroviridae	Flaviviridae	Picornaviridae	Picornaviridae
Genus	Arterivirus	Coronavirus	Cripavirus	Hepacivirus	Enterovirus	Cardiovirus
Species	EAV	SARS-CoV	Drosophila C	HCV	PV, CBV3, EV71	EMCV
Replication compartment	DMV	DMV	DMV	DMV	DMV	DMV
Membrane source	ER	ER	Golgi	ER	Golgi/ER	Golgi/ER
Viral proteins	nsp2, nsp3 [74, 75]	nsp3, nsp4, nsp6 [76]	—	NS4B, NS5A [77, 78]	2B, 2C, 3A [79, 80]	2B, 2C, 3A [81]
Host pathways	ERAD	ERAD	LS	LS, LTP	LS, LTP, EE, RTN	LS, LTP

BMV: brome mosaic virus; DENV: Dengue virus; WNV: West Nile virus; FHV: Flock-house virus; SFV: Semliki Forest Virus; RUBV: Rubella virus; TBSV: Tomato bushy stunt virus; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; PM: plasma membrane; nsp: non-structural protein; RTN: reticulon; LS: lipid synthesis; LTP: lipid transfer protein; ESCRT: endosomal sorting complexes required for transport; EAV: equine arterivirus; SARS-CoV: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus; HCV: hepatitis C virus; PV: poliovirus; CVB3: COXSACKIEVIRUS B3; EMCV: encephalomyocarditis virus; DMV: double membrane vesicle; ERAD: endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation; EE: early endosome.