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. 2016 Aug 15;7:1231. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01231

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Copyright © 2016 Li, Dong, Chang, He, Chen, Liu, Wei, Ma, Zhang, Yang and Zhang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Model depicting the regulatory pathways of miRNAs in melatonin-mediated cold stress tolerance in watermelon. Under cold stress, application of exogenous melatonin could downregulate the expression of miR159-5p, miR858, miR8029-3p, and novel-m0048-3p. The downregulation of miRNAs results in the upregulation of their target genes involved in signal transduction (CDPK, BHLH, WRKY, MYB, and DREB) or protection/detoxification (LEA and MDAR) and enhance cold stress resistance.