Table 1:

The pain scores (VAS) reported by patients (values are presented as mean ± SD)

	Rotary group	Hand group	P-value*
P0	5.03±1.40	6.63±2.39	0.001
P4	1.33±2.24	4.40±3.20	0.000
P8	1.00±2.16	3.66±3.52	0.001
P12	0.73±1.72	3.53±3.70	0.000
P24	0.86±2.19	2.46±3.32	0.002

^*:Acquired by Mann-Whitney U test

P₀: Preoperative pain; P₄: Pain after 4 hours; P₈: Pain after 8 hours; P₁₂: Pain after 12 hours; P₂₄: Pain after 24 hours