Fig. S8.

Proposed model for the roles of VLCFAs and auxin in callus and lateral root formation. The VLCFAs or derivatives serve as the signals to restrict the pericycle competence for callus and/or lateral root formation by repressing the ALF4 transcription, whereas the auxin-directed SLR-ARF7/19 and other IAA-ARF modules (e.g., IAA12-ARF5, IAA28-ARFs) play critical roles in directing the pericycle to form callus or lateral roots. The SLR pathway is still required for the lateral root patterning program. Thus, the pericycle cells with enhanced competence caused by deficiency of VLCFAs could bypass the inhibition of slr to form callus on CIM.