TABLE 2—
Baseline Characteristics of Homeless and Nonhomeless Emergency Department Patients in France: 2015
| Characteristics | Nonhomeless (n = 214), No. (%), Mean ±SD, or Median (Range) | Homeless (n = 214), No. (%), Mean ±SD, or Median (Range) | OR or Mean Difference (95% CI) |
| Vitals on admission (n = 418) | |||
| Temperature, °C | 36.6 ±0.7 | 36.3 ±1 | −0.3 (-0.43, −0.08) |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 134 ±22 | 131 ±22 | −3.9 (-8.40, 0.51) |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg | 82 ±14 | 81 ±14 | −1.6 (-4.25, 1.86) |
| Heart rate | 85 ±17 | 89 ±16 | 3.7 (0.03, 7.35) |
| Oxygen saturation | 98 (97–99) | 98 (96–99) | −0.3 (-0.71, 0.10) |
| GCS | 15 (15–15) | 15 (15–15) | −0.06 (-1.5, 0.03) |
| GCS < 15 | 6 (2.8) | 13 (6.1) | 2.43 (0.91, 6.43) |
| Chief complaint (n = 425) | 211 | 214 | |
| Alcohol intoxication | 8 (3.8) | 44 (20.6) | 6.57 (3.01, 14.30) |
| Fatigue, difficulty coping | 2 (1.0) | 9 (4.2) | 4.59 (0.98, 21.50) |
| Wound, trauma | 58 (27.5) | 45 (21.0) | 0.70 (0.45, 1.10) |
| Fever | 6 (2.8) | 4 (1.9) | 0.65 (0.18, 2.34) |
| Neurological | 17 (8.1) | 21 (9.8) | 1.24 (0.64, 2.43) |
| Cardiac or respiratory | 27 (12.8) | 21 (9.8) | 0.74 (0.40, 1.36) |
| Abdominal | 24 (11.4) | 16 (7.5) | 0.63 (0.32, 1.22) |
| Dermatological | 3 (1.4) | 9 (4.2) | 3.04 (0.81, 11.40) |
| Pain | 35 (16.6) | 14 (6.6) | 0.35 (0.18, 0.68) |
| Psychiatric | 7 (3.3) | 7 (3.3) | 0.99 (0.34, 2.86) |
| Other | 27 (12.8) | 30 (14.0) | 1.11 (0.64, 1.94) |
| Past medical history (n = 414) | 205 | 209 | |
| None | 85 (41.4) | 47 (22.5) | 0.41 (0.27, 0.63) |
| Chronic alcohol intake | 13 (6.3) | 99 (47.4) | 13.29 (7.12, 24.81) |
| IV drug user | 3 (1.5) | 19 (9.1) | 6.73 (1.96, 23.12) |
| Neurological | 12 (5.8) | 37 (17.8) | 3.46 (1.75, 6.85) |
| Hepatological | 2 (1.0) | 10 (4.8) | 5.10 (1.10, 23.57) |
| Infectious disease | 13 (6.3) | 24 (11.5) | 1.92 (0.95, 3.88) |
| Cardiovascular | 37 (18.0) | 26 (12.4) | 0.65 (0.37, 1.11) |
| Respiratory | 11 (5.4) | 16 (7.7) | 1.46 (0.66, 3.23) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 32 (15.6) | 22 (10.5) | 0.64 (0.36, 1.14) |
| Psychiatric | 24 (11.9) | 47 (22.5) | 2.19 (1.28, 3.74) |
| Other | 26 (12.7) | 16 (7.7) | 0.57 (0.30, 1.10) |
| No. ED visits past 28 d (n = 404) | |||
| Number | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–1) | 0.8 (0.48, 1.12) |
| ≥ 1 visit | 19 (9.3) | 61 (30.0) | 4.18 (2.39, 7.31) |
Note. BP = blood pressure; CI = confidence interval; ED = emergency department; GCS = Glasgow coma scale; IQR = interquartile range; IV = intravenous; OR = odds ratio. The total sample size was n = 428.