Table 2.

Targeted agents currently being investigated.

Author/NCT #	Study Design	Agent	Target	Observations
Azmi et al. [64]	Animal model	Nutlin analogs	MDM2 inhibitor to enhance p53 activity	Decrease tumor burden in xenografts
Penafuerte et al. [80]	Animal model	FIST	Decoy TGF-β receptor and IL-2 activator	Abrogated tumor growth and inhibited angiogenesis in mice
NCT00844064	Phase I study	Trabedersen	Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide of TGF-β2	Final results pending
Heilmann et al. [88]	Animal model	PD-0332991	CDK4/6 inhibitor	Inhibition of tumor growth
NCT01522989	Phase I study	PD-0332991	CDK4/6 inhibitor	Final results are pending
Rajeshkumar et al. [105]	Animal model	MK-1775	Wee-1 inhibitor	Tumor sensitization to gemcitabine in p53 mutant xenograft model
NCT02037230	Phase I study	MK-1775	Wee-1 inhibitor	Final results are pending
NCT00413686	Phase I study	AZD7762	Chk inhibitor	Final results are pending
Gurney et al. [142]	Animal model	OMP-18R5	Wnt receptor inhibitor	Anti-cancer stem cell effect and inhibition of tumor growth
NCT02005315	Phase I study	OMP-18R5	Wnt receptor inhibitor	Final results pending
NCT01621243	Phase I/II study	OMP-59R5	Notch 2/3	Final results pending
NCT02050178	Phase I study	OMP-54F28	Wnt receptor and ligand inhibitor	Final results pending
NCT02179970	Phase I study	Plerixafor	CXCR4 inhibitor	Final results pending
NCT02077881	Phase I/II study	Indoximod	IDO inhibitor	Final results pending
NCT01693562	Phase I/II study	MEDI4736	PD-L1 inhibitor	Final results pending
NCT02054806	Phase I study	Pembrolizumab	PD-1 inhibitor	Final results pending
NCT01473940	Phase I study	Ipilimumab	CTLA-4 inhibitor	Final results pending
NCT02301130	Phase I study	Mogamulizumab	CCR4 antibody	Final results pending
Kazim et al. [128]	Animal model	KPT-330 (selinexor)	Nuclear export inhibitor	Promote nuclear accumulation of tumor suppressors
NCT02178436	Phase I/II	KPT-330 (selinexor)	Nuclear export inhibitor	Final results pending

IDO: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; PD: Programmed death.