Table 1.
Clinical and laboratory data for IgAN patients with different plasma α-defensins levels.
| All patients | Patients with low α-defensins plasma levels1 | Patients with high α-defensins plasma levels2 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 32.7 ± 10.5 | 32.5 ± 10.7 | 33.5 ± 9.8 | 0.614 |
| Gender (male/female, %) | 86 (50.9)/83 (49.1) | 67 (51.1)/64 (48.9) | 19 (50.0)/19 (50.0) | 0.901 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 123.9 ± 16.9 | 124.8 ± 17.8 | 120.7 ± 13.3 | 0.184 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 79.5 ± 13.2 | 80.0 ± 13.8 | 77.8 ± 10.7 | 0.350 |
| Neutrophil count (∗109/L) | 4.62 ± 2.00 | 4.49 ± 2.07 | 5.08 ± 1.71 | 0.147 |
| Prodromal infection (%) | 127 (75.1)/42 (24.9) | 98 (74.8)/33 (25.2) | 29 (76.3)/9 (23.7) | 0.850 |
| CRP (%) | 112 (66.3)/7 (4.1) | 82 (62.6)/5 (3.8) | 30 (78.9)/2 (5.3) | 0.918 |
| ESR (mm/1st h) | 18.1 ± 17.7 | 17.5 ± 16.9 | 19.8 ± 20.4 | 0.514 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.93 ± 1.51 | 1.98 ± 1.60 | 1.79 ± 1.11 | 0.499 |
| TCHOL (mmol/L) | 5.03 ± 1.50 | 4.98 ± 1.46 | 5.18 ± 1.663 | 0.457 |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 1.21 ± 0.57 | 1.23 ± 0.62 | 1.14 ± 0.33 | 0.384 |
| LDL (mmol/L) | 2.89 ± 0.98 | 2.83 ± 0.90 | 3.09 ± 1.19 | 0.153 |
| Hyperlipidemia (%) | 66 (39.1)/103 (60.9) | 51 (38.9)/80 (61.1) | 15 (39.5)/23 (60.5) | 0.952 |
| Uric acid (μmol/L) | 356.7 ± 118.3 | 361.5 ± 119.0 | 340.2 ± 115.9 | 0.330 |
| Scr (μmol/L) | 104.8 ± 65.6 | 106.4 ± 71.6 | 99.3 ± 39.1 | 0.556 |
| eGFR (mL/min per 1.73 m2)3 | 81.4 ± 27.8 | 80.9 ± 27.8 | 83.2 ± 28.2 | 0.654 |
| Stage 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 CKD (%) | 50 (29.6), 67 (39.6), 34 (20.1), 2 (1.2) | 40 (30.5), 60 (45.8), 30 (22.9), 1 (0.8) | 10 (26.3), 7 (18.4), 4 (10.5), 1 (2.6) | 0.224 |
| Gd-IgA1 (U/mL, median, IQR) | 303.86 (231.43–396.02) | 318.56 (242.80–405.67) | 236.98 (203.10–350.01) | 0.036 |
| Total IgA (μg/mL, median, IQR) | 2630.0 (2153.5–3333.5) | 2658.0 (2167.0–3347.0) | 2570.5 (2029.3–3365.3) | 0.565 |
| Plasma IgA1 (μg/mL, median, IQR) | 169.64 (138.29–207.57) | 164.3 (135.3–206.4) | 187.56 (148.72–216.46) | 0.318 |
| Initial proteinuria (g/day) | 1.98 ± 1.90 | 1.89 ± 1.65 | 2.32 ± 2.58 | 0.219 |
| Urinary RBC (/μL) | 286 ± 537 | 318 ± 599 | 184 ± 219 | 0.181 |
| Gross hematuria (%) | 129 (76.3)/40 (23.7) | 99 (75.6)/32 (24.4) | 30 (78.9)/8 (21.1) | 0.667 |
| 24-hour UTP (g/day) | 1.14 ± 1.06 | 1.13 ± 1.08 | 1.16 ± 1.02 | 0.886 |
| Histological grading, I, II, III, IV, V4 (%) | 17 (10.1), 0 (0), 58 (34.3), 71 (42.0), 23 (13.6) | 10 (7.6), 0 (0), 43 (32.8), 58 (44.3), 20 (15.3) | 7 (18.4), 0 (0), 15 (39.5), 13 (34.2), 3 (7.9) | 0.129 |
| Oxford classification | ||||
| M (%) | 54 (32.0), 112 (66.3) | 38 (29.0)/92 (70.2) | 16 (42.1)/20 (52.6) | 0.085 |
| E (%) | 60 (35.5), 106 (62.7) | 45 (34.4)/85 (64.9) | 15 (39.5)/21 (55.3) | 0.436 |
| S (%) | 45 (26.6), 121 (71.6) | 36 (27.5)/94 (71.8) | 9 (23.7)/27 (71.1) | 0.748 |
| T (%) | 109 (64.5), 36 (21.3), 21 (12.4) | 86 (65.6), 28 (21.4), 16 (12.2) | 23 (60.5), 8 (22.2), 5 (13.2) | 0.959 |
| Therapy | ||||
| ACE inhibitors or ARBs (%) | 4 (2.4)/165 (97.6) | 3 (2.3)/128 (97.7) | 1 (2.6)/37 (97.4) | 0.903 |
| Prednisone (%) | 79 (46.7)/90 (53.3) | 65 (49.6)/66 (50.4) | 14 (36.8)/24 (63.2) | 0.165 |
SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP diastolic blood pressure; CRP: C-reactive protein; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; TG: triglycerides; TCHOL: total cholesterol; HDL: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Scr: serum creatinine; eGFR: estimate glomerular filtration rate; CKD: chronic kidney disease; 24-hour UTP: 24-hour total urine protein; Gd-IgA1: galactose-deficient IgA1; ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB: angiotensin II receptor blocker.
1Low plasma α-defensins levels were defined as levels below 78.42 ng/mL. 2High plasma α-defensins levels were defined as levels above 78.42 ng/mL. 3eGFR was calculated based on MDRD formula modified population. 4Histological grading was classified according to pathological proposed by Haas.