Figure 2. Single-particle translocation modes.

(a–c) Scatter plots of the resistive pulse height I_p versus the width t_d measured under V_b = 0.2 V and V_AC = 1.0 V. The frequency of the AC voltage is 2 MHz (a), 5 MHz (b), and 10 MHz (c). Data obtained under no transverse field are also shown (black plots). (d) Two-dimensional histogram of 79 resistive pulses obtained at V_b = 0.2 V under no transverse field. (e) The three representative I_ion curves showing sharp (orange), blunt (cyan), and stepwise features (purple) in the pre-translocation regimes. (f ) The schematic models for the three characteristic I_ion signals.