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(a) Relative growth rate and (b) relative toxin production for HTCD after various culture conditions, with values for HTCD-S and NTCD-S normalized to those of the BHI control and the values for transwell co-cultured HTCD normalized to the transwell co-culture control. Variations in HTCD adherence to human colon epithelial cells, as enumerated by colony-forming units (CFU): (c) after each culture condition and (d) for HTCD cultured in heat-treated versus untreated NTCD supernatant.
