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. 2016 Aug 2;6(8):e011229. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011229

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Changes in nephrin:creatinine ratio (NCR) and protein:creatinine ratio (PCR) in 14 women with pre-eclampsia (PE). Fourteen women with PE provided a total of 115 urine samples. Open and closed circles indicate urine samples before and after onset of significant proteinuria in pregnancy (SPIP), respectively (upper panels). Urine samples from individuals were classified into the following four clinical phases: phase 1 (P1), urine collected at the earliest gestational week (GW) of 13.5 (10.6–21.7); phase 2 (P2), urine collected at the latest GW of 29.7 (23.0–37.4), but before onset of SPIP; phase 3 (P3), urine exhibiting SPIP for the first time at GW of 34.0 (26.0–39.1); and phase 4 (P4), urine collected on the day closest to delivery at GW 35.6 (29.1–40.4). The median NCR (ng/mg) was 49.2, 142.1, 851.4 and 3368.7 for P1, P2, P3 and P4, respectively. The median PCR (mg/mg) was 0.041, 0.087, 0.436 and 2.360 for P1, P2, P3 and P4, respectively. The median NCR of 142.1 for P2 was significantly higher than those in normotensive pregnancy (14.3, 32.3 and 26.6 for the first, second and third trimesters, respectively). The median protein concentrations (μg/mL) were 26.3, 56.4, 301.4 and 1237.8 for P1, P2, P3 and P4, respectively.