. 2016 May 9;28(8):401–409. doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxw025

Table 1.

Classification of FoxP3⁺CD4⁺ T cells

Cell subset	Phenotype/cytokines	Characteristics
Naive T_regs (nT_regs): fraction I, resting T_regs CD45RA⁺FoxP3^lowCD4⁺	CTLA-4^lowCD25^high CD127^low/–Ki-67^–	Weak suppressive activity Differentiate to effector T_regs upon TCR stimulation
Effector T_regs (eT_regs): fraction II, activated T_regs CD45RA^–FoxP3^highCD4⁺	CTLA-4^highCD25^high Ki-67⁺, PD-1⁺, TIM-3⁺, GITR⁺, Fas⁺, IL-10⁺, TGF-β⁺	Strong suppressive and proliferative activity Prone to apoptosis Tend to increase in peripheral blood with aging
Non-T_regs: fraction III CD45RA^–FoxP3^lowCD4⁺	IL-2⁺, IFN-γ⁺, IL-17⁺	Heterogeneous population No suppressive activity