| Clump diameter |
Measured from photograph as proportion of crown height, calculated in m. |
Used to calculate the number of leaves burning, given a depth of ignition [35]. |
| Clump separation |
Measured from photograph as proportion of crown height, calculated in m. |
| Leaf packing |
Mean number of leaves per clump within plant crowns, calculated from herbarium and field measurements using empirical relationship in[35]. Unit less |
| Endotherm |
Unless a measured value was available, most species used a standard temperature of 260°C or 220°C based on aromaticity, as per[35]. Where published values were available, silica-free ash content was used in grasses or ferns as per[41]. |
The minimum piloted temperature of ignition, determined by leaf chemistry. |
| Percent dead |
Standard values used of 50% for C4 grasses, 0% for other grasses along with most shrubs and trees, visual estimates taken from field visit for some exceptions. |
Mean moisture for the foliage is weighted from live and dead moisture contents. |
| Leaf Form |
Taken from published literature or observed |
Leaf form (flat or round) and thickness determine the surface area to volume ratio, and together with moisture content determine 90.0% of the time to ignition for sclerophyllous leaves [35]. |
| Leaf thickness |
Measured from herbarium specimens and field visits; entered in m |
| Leaf width |
Measured from herbarium specimens and field visits; entered in m |
The cross-section area of the leaf (width * thickness) and leaf moisture account for 73.7% of the flame duration in sclerophyllous leaves with an external heat source [35], leaf length, width and moisture content account for 87.2% of the flame length produced by burning sclerophyllous leaves [35]. |
| Leaf length |
Measured from herbarium specimens and field visits; entered in m |
| Moisture Content |
Standard values of 100%ODW were used for all species except herbs and some mesic species (150%), and very green herbs and mesic species (200%) |
