Table 5.
Regression models of psychological outcomes and family, family-clinician and patient measures
| Psychological outcomes | β (95% confidence interval) | p |
|---|---|---|
|
| ||
| HADS total | ||
| Social support a | -4.87(-8.69,-1.05) | 0.013 |
| Intensity of coping b | -4.29(-0.19,-8.39) | 0.040 |
| Resilience c | -4.82(-8.53,-1.11) | 0.012 |
| Optimism d | -3.80(-1.63,-5.96) | 0.001 |
|
| ||
| HADS anxiety | ||
| Resilience | -3.11(-5.28,-0.94) | 0.006 |
| Optimism | -2.39 (-1.15,-3.62) | 0.000 |
| APACHE II e | 2.84(0.71,4.98) | 0.010 |
|
| ||
| HADS depression | ||
| Social support | -2.59(-4.80,-0.37) | 0.023 |
| Optimism | -2.26(-1.04,-3.47) | 0.000 |
|
| ||
| PTSS | ||
| Financial distress f | 8.66(3.17,14.14) | 0.003 |
| Optimism | -4.00(-0.98,-7.01) | 0.010 |
Negative beta values are associated with less psychological distress (i.e., lower HADS and PTSS scores); positive beta values reflect greater psychological distress (i.e., higher HADS and PTSS scores) HADS = Hospital anxiety and depression scale; PTSS = Post-traumatic stress scale
a
Peterson’s 3-item scale
b
Active coping domain of the brief cope
c
CD-RISC Conner-Davidson resilience scale
d
Item from the Life orientation test scale
e
Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (Range-0-71)
f
Likert scale