Table 3.

A comparison of clinicopathological characteristics of resected undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclastic giant cells of the pancreas between short and long-term survivor.

	Short-term survivor n=9	Long-term survivor n=9	p-value
Age (year)
mean±SEM, year (range)	61.1±5.3 (29–86)	53.7±5.4 (35–78)	0.4522
Gender
Female	5 (56%)	6 (67%)	0.6287
Distribution of neoplasm
Head	5 (56%)	8 (89%)	0.1144
Size of neoplasm
mean±SEM, cm (range)	4.1±0.9 (0.6–10.0)	6.8±1.2 (2.5–12.0)	0.1110
Lymphovascular invasion
Positive	5/8 (63%)	3/7 (43%)	0.4468
Perineural invasion
Positive	4/8 (50%)	1/8 (13%)	0.1056
Lymph node metastasis
Positive	1/6 (17%)	0/8 (0%)	0.2308
Surgical margin
Positive	0/8 (0%)	2/8 (25%)	0.1306
Intraductal/cystic growth appearance
Presence	7 (78%)	6 (67%)	0.5987
Osteoid
Presence	4 (44%)	3 (33%)	0.6287
Ki-67 index
HSCs, mean±SEM, % (range)	19.0±4.6* (4.7–34.5)	23.3±7.9** (5.6–44.1)	1.0000
PCs, mean±SEM, % (range)	26.3±4.5* (15.0–45.2)	31.6±4.3** (25.5–44.4)	0.5083
p53 positivity
HSCs, >50%	3/7	3/4	0.3031
PCs, >50%	3/7	1/4	0.5537
Histologic grading
Grade I+II	4	7
Grade III+IV	5	2	0.1469
Component of DA
No (0%)	0	2
Limited (0<, ≦10%)	6	5
Focal (10<, <50%)	1	2
Predominantly (≧50%)	2	0	0.2191
Associated tumoral intraepithelial lesions
HG-PanIN	5 (56%)	6 (75%)	0.4024
MCN	1 (11%)	0 (0%)	0.3035
IPMN	1 (11%)	0 (0%)	0.3035

Short-term survivor is defined as who died within 3 years after surgery. Long-term survivor is defined as who was alive after 5 years after surgery. Cases with less than 3 years follow up period were excluded. HSCs: Histocyte-like sarcomatoid carcinoma cells, PCs: Pleomorphic giant carcinoma cells. DA: ductal adenocarcinoma, HG-PanIN: high-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, MCN: mucinous cystic neoplasm, IPMN: intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm. Statistical analyzed by

Mann-Whitney U test in continuous variables and Fisher’s exact test in no continuous variables.

^*n=7,

^**n=4.