Figure 1. RVE1 regulates both seed dormancy and germination.

(a) Light irradiation treatment in the experiments. Post-harvest seeds were irradiated with white light (WL) for 1 h (starting from seed sterilization) and were then exposed to far-red (FR) light for 5 min (phyB-off) or followed by 5 min of red (R) light (phyB-on). Seeds were then kept in darkness and germination frequencies were recorded after 4 days. (b) Quantification of the germination frequencies of seeds under different conditions as shown in a. (c) Representative images of seed germination assays of Col, rve1 and RVE1-OX seeds under the light conditions shown in a. (d–g) Percentage of seed germination. Freshly harvested seeds were kept in darkness (d) or under white light (e) for 3 days, or seeds were stratified at 4 °C for 1 day (f) or 3 days (g) in darkness before being exposed to 3 days of white light treatment at 22 °C. (h) Germination percentage of post-harvest seeds of rve1, rve2 and rve1/rve2 grown under the phyB-off condition. (i) Dormancy phenotype of freshly harvested seeds of rve1, rve2 and rve1/rve2 grown in darkness for 4 days. For b and d–i, mean±s.d., n=3.