Table 2.
Cardiovascular risk factor values, pre-treatment and post-treatment, for patients with higher-risk values at baseline
| Variables | N | Pre-treatment (M ± SD) | Post-treatment (M ± SD) | p a | η p 2 | Correlation of Δ with percent weight loss | P b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weight (kg) | 325 | 98.56 ± 21.40 | 89.16 ± 19.51 | <.001 | .784 | – | – |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 307 | 35.45 ± 7.41 | 32.07 ± 6.86 | <.001 | .764 | – | – |
| Glucose | 119 | 120.11 ± 30.62 | 106.77 ± 24.40 | <.001 | .191 | – | – |
| Women | 86 | 119.09 ± 30.28 | 107.31 ± 25.18 | – | – | −.031 | .388 |
| Men | 33 | 122.78 ± 31.75 | 105.36 ± 22.55 | – | – | .284 | .054 |
| Triglyceridesc | 85 | 225.36 ± 88.72 | 142.40 ± 66.39 | <.001 | .538 | – | – |
| Women | 57 | 203.52 ± 55.75 | 150.09 ± 70.65 | – | – | .242 | .035 |
| Men | 28 | 268.32 ± 121.57 | 126.75 ± 54.59 | – | – | .281 | .074 |
| Total cholesterolc | 150 | 225.85 ± 21.18 | 194.16 ± 25.05 | <.001 | .494 | – | – |
| Women | 127 | 224.93 ± 19.49 | 196.07 ± 24.15 | – | – | .339 | <.001 |
| Men | 23 | 230.54 ± 28.21 | 183.61 ± 27.82 | – | – | .243 | .132 |
| LDL cholesterol | 32 | 173.50 ± 14.88 | 140.50 ± 26.64 | <.001 | .510 | – | – |
| Women | 25 | 172.50 ± 14.52 | 138.36 ± 28.60 | – | – | .318 | .061 |
| Men | 7 | 177.25 ± 16.65 | 148.14 ± 17.51 | – | – | .101 | .414 |
| HDL cholesterol | 170 | 39.10 ± 6.48 | 38.84 ± 8.05 | .422 | .004 | – | – |
| Women | 129 | 41.23 ± 5.71 | 41.02 ± 7.67 | – | – | .066 | .229 |
| Men | 41 | 32.65 ± 3.88 | 32.00 ± 4.70 | – | – | −.238 | .067 |
Note that significant changes and correlations are indicated by italicized p values. Percent weight loss was coded as a positive value, and risk factors were coded as negative values. Effect sizes indicated by partial eta-squared (η p 2); .04, .25, and .64 indicate weak, moderate, and strong effects, respectively [20]
aPre-treatment versus post-treatment, two-way repeated measure ANOVA
bPearson’s bivariate correlations, percent weight change with change in each cardiovascular risk factor, gender-specific
cRisk factors for which there were significant time by gender interactions