Table 1. Physicochemical properties of AuNPs.

AuNPs	Diameter (TEM, nm)	Molecules density (molecules/nm2)	Diameter (DLS, nm)		Zeta potential (mV)
			Water	10% FBS	water	10% FBS
L-MAV-AuNPs	15.5 ± 1.5	2.47	35.1 ± 3.4	38.1 ± 4.2	−27.4 ± 1.8	−5.8 ± 1.6
D-MAV-AuNPs	15.9 ± 1.8	2.43	34.5 ± 2.1	37.9 ± 1.9	−25.8 ± 0.9	−5.8 ± 1.2
L-PAV-AuNPs	15.9 ± 0.7	0.833#	27.2 ± 1.3	38.2 ± 3.3	−36.4 ± 1.4	−9.1 ± 1.1
D-PAV-AuNPs	16.3 ± 0.6	0.822#	24.1 ± 2.2	34.5 ± 2.3	−36.3 ± 1.6	−9.3 ± 0.8

Note: ^#Means PAV density. The density of AV units (defined as the repeating chiral unit) on the L-PAV-AuNPs and D-PAV-AuNPs are 16.23 and 16.21 units/nm², respectively.