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. 2016 Aug 17;6:31748. doi: 10.1038/srep31748

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Copyright © 2016, The Author(s)

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Effects of ignavine on antinociception assessed by the tail-flick test (A) and tail-pressure test (B). Ignavine (IGN) and morphine (MRP) were intra-peritoneally or subcutaneously administered, respectively. Responses to each stimulant were measured at 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min after administration. Analgesic activity is represented by the area under the curve. Data represent the mean +/− SEM (n = 10–11). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001 by Dunnett’s test vs. vehicle. ^###P < 0.001 by Student’s t-test vs. vehicle.