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. 2015 Dec 11;23(6):1038–1048. doi: 10.1038/cdd.2015.157

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Cdk12 deficiency leads to an increase in the number of DSBs and reduces the expression of DDR genes. (A) Blastocysts were cultured for 1 day and then immunostained with anti-53BP1 and anti-Oct4 antibodies. Nuclei were marked by DAPI staining. The percentage of cell numbers with 53BP1 foci in ICM cells (B) and TE cells (C) were quantified. ICM and TE cells were defined as Oct4⁺ and Oct4⁻, respectively. Cdk12^fx/fx, n=4; Cdk12^fx/−, n=6; Cdk12^−/−, n=5. Relative mRNA levels of the indicated genes were determined by real-time PCR at 1 DIV ((D), Cdk12^fx/fx, n=4; Cdk12^fx/−, n=8; Cdk12^−/−, n=5) and morula stage ((E), Cdk12^fx/fx, n=6; Cdk12^fx/⁻, n=11; Cdk12^−/−, n=4). Results are shown as mean±S.E.M. *P<0.05, by one-way ANOVA